Lists and Tuples within python are use pretty much all over the place when you are getting down to the nitty-gritty…

Lists

A list is best explained as an ordered collection of zero or more elements. An element of a list can be any sort of object. You can write lists as a comma-separated collection of values enclosed in square brackets.

For an idea:

FibonacciList=[1,1,2,3,5,8]
FishList=[1,2,”Fish”] # Lists can contain various types.
AnotherList=[1,2,FishList] # Lists can include other lists.
YetAnotherList=[1,2,3,] # Trailing commas are ok.
RevengeOfTheList=[] # The empty list

Tuples

A tuple is similar to a list. The difference is that a tuple is immutable—it cannot be modified. You enclose tuples in parentheses instead of brackets.

For an example of how Tuples work:

FirstTuple=(“spam”,”spam”,”bacon”,”spam”)
SecondTuple=() # The empty tuple
AloneTuple=(5,) # Trailing comma is *required*, since (5) is # just a number-in-parens, not a tuple.

Cutting it All Apart

Lists are ordered, so each list element has an index. You can access an element with the syntax listname[index].

Note that index numbering begins with zero:

>>> FoodList=[“Spam”,”Egg”,”Sausage”]

>>> FoodList[0]
‘Spam’

>>> FoodList[2]
‘Sausage’

>>> FoodList[2]=”Spam” # Modifying list elements in place

>>> FoodList
[‘Spam’, ‘Egg’, ‘Spam’]

Sometimes it’s easier to count from the end of the list backwards. You can access the last item of a list with listname[-1], the second-to-last item with listname[-2], and so on.

You can access a sublist of a list via the syntax listname[start:end]. The sublist contains the original list elements, starting with index start, up to (but not including) index end. Both start and end are optional; omitting them makes Python go all the way to the beginning (or end) of the list.

For an example:

>>>PrimaryWordList=[“And”,”now”,”for”,”something”,”completely”,
“different”]

>>> PrimaryWordList[0:2] # From index 0 to 2 (not including 2)
[‘And’, ‘now’]
10 Part I ✦ The Python Language

>>> PrimaryWordList[2:5]
[‘for’, ‘something’, ‘completely’]

>>> PrimaryWordList[:-1] # All except the last
[‘And’, ‘now’, ‘for’, ‘something’, ‘completely’]

Substrings

Lists, tuples, and strings are all sequence types. Sequence types all support indexed access. So, taking a substring in Python is as simple as it comes:

>>> Word=”pig”

>>> PigLatinWord=Word[1:]+Word[0]+”ay”

>>> PigLatinWord
‘igpay’

Immutable types

Tuples and strings are immutable types.

Modifying them in place is not allowed:

FirstTuple[0]=”Egg” # Object does not support item assignment. You can switch between tuples and lists using the tuple and list functions.

So, although you cannot edit a tuple directly, you can create a new-and-improved tuple:

>>> FoodTuple=(“Spam”,”Egg”,”Sausage”)

>>> FoodList=list(FoodTuple)

>>> FoodList
[‘Spam’, ‘Egg’, ‘Sausage’]

>>> FoodList[2]=”Spam”

>>> NewFoodTuple=tuple(FoodList)

>>> NewFoodTuple
(‘Spam’, ‘Egg’, ‘Spam’)

Now I am hungry so WTF it’s time for some Green Eggs and Ham.

As time grows on and sitting here reading all valuable clients comments, questions and
feedback about what is mod_rewrite? Well I am taking the time now to explain more in
detail of what this is all about throughout my time as the experience of the Apache
Server.  So I will try to keep this as simple as possible so here we g0…

The mod_rewrite module is a very complexed pattern type of URL rewriting engine that
lets you the user set up the complex rewriting rules, where you can specify conditions,
using the RewriteRule and RewriteCond directives. They allow you submatches, CGI
type of variables, and other information to be interpolated (meaning inserted in, or added
to, the original; introduced; foisted in; changed by the insertion of new or spurious
matter.) into replacement strings and condition strings. Here I can show you some of the
Apache ways in doing so as follows:

WTF Mod_Rewrite

RewriteRule

RewriteRule [!]pattern replacement[[flags]]

This here will compare two things the URL with the regular expression pattern and substitutes replacement, interpolating any marked constructs, now if the pattern matches, or does not match if preceded by the [!] an any preceding conditions are met fully. A comma separated list of flags specified in full or abbreviated may be enclosed in the square brackets as above in the RewriteRule Example. Flags are described a bit more in detail here in the next table.

The replacement may be specified as “—“ in this case no substitution is performed and any chained values are evaluated successfully.

RewriteCond

Now onto the RewriteCond

RewriteCond string[!]condition[[flags]]

Specifies a condition for the following RewriteRule to match. The only flags are nocase (or NC) to compare strings case-insensitively, and ornext (or OR) to combine the current condition with the next one using a logical OR (by default, conditions are ANDed together). string may contain interpolated sequences, condition may be a regular expression or one of the following:

-d string is a directory.
-f str 7 ng is a regular file.
-s string is a non-empty regular file.
-1 string is a symbolic link.
-F string is a valid and accessible file.
-U string is a valid and accessible URL.
=string2
string is identical to string2.
<string2
string is lexicographically lower than stringZ.
>string2
string is lexicographically greater than string2

RewriteMap

RewriteMap map-name map-type:map-source

Defines a map that can be used in mapping functions within rule substitution string(s). The following map types are supported in Apache known to date by me:

txt:file (file is a text file containing pairs of entries.)

rnd:file (file is a text file; each line contains a key and a sequence of values separated by a vertical bar (I), one of which will be chosen at random.)

dbm:file (file is a hashed DBM file)

prg:program (program is a program that is started at server startup. It is fed a key as a newline-terminated string on its standard input, and is expected to output a value as a newline-terminated string on its standard output.)

int:function (function is one of the following internal functions of Apache: toupper, tolower, escape, or unescape.)

RewriteBase

RewriteBase url

Default: the current directory pathname
Base URL for per-directory transformations.

RewriteEngine

Enables or disables the rewriting engine.

RewriteOptions

The only option is inherit, which means virtual hosts inherit the environment from the main server, and per-directory configuration files inherit from their parent directory.

RewriteLock

Lock file to be used for synchronizing access to prg type maps.

Moral

Now as you see I have compiled all my knowledge here within there is so much more that you the User of any Apache Server to understand is how to implement all of this. I would highly suggest going online and downloading the current Apache Server 2.0.54 that is up to this time of writing this. I feel you can benefit from this immensely. You will see that Apache is written for almost every platform out there that’s possible to mankind.

This was written in the intent to help others better understand how Apache can be handled in the respect of what each of the primary factors mean. As you will see the power of Apache greater later on I will keep writing these if others really love learn these. I have put together numerous hours online working on Apache, making it do what I want it to do when I want it done. So as a gift from me to you, feel free to use this PDF for your benefit when you are ready to get going on understanding how powerful Apache is. This is mainly written for others that understand the use of .htaccess and also the httpd.conf files. As there is greater lengths when using Apache to it’s fullest extent possible that you can take your webmastering.

I do NOT condone using Apache where it will harm others and feel that if you are using Apache. Now onto life get to work you have a lot to learn and accomplish here.

SO WTF!!! Good Luck on all your mod_rewrite adventures!