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Archive for the ‘General Networking’ Category

Your IT Career :: Time to Go Beyond!

Dec-18-2009 By WTF *Nix

I’ve seen it happen time and again to programmers, network engineers and administrators, and other IT personnel. They get a solid IT position, a good-paying job, and they get comfortable. They stop keeping up with the latest technologies, they stop studying, they no longer keep their CCNA, MCSE, and other industry certifications up-to-date…. and then one day, their comfortable job is gone.

Maybe they get laid off, maybe the company moves and they don’t want to move with it… but for one reason or another, they’re in the worst position possible. They have no job, and they have allowed their IT skills to deteriorate to the point where they are no longer employable.

If you’re in IT, you must be constantly learning. You must continually take the long view, and ask yourself three important questions. First, where do you want to be in three years? Second, what are you doing now in order to reach this goal? And finally, if you were laid off today, are your current skills sharp enough to quickly get another job?

That third question can be the hardest of all to answer honestly. I’m reminded of Microsoft announcing years ago that they would no longer be recognizing the MSCE 4.0 certification, since the network operating systems that certification was based upon would no longer be supported by MS. (Keep in mind that this change was announced months in advance, giving those holding the MCSE 4.0 plenty of time to earn the latest MS certification.)

Some MCSE 4.0s just went nuts. Microsoft’s certification magazine printed letter after letter from angry MCSEs saying that their company would always run NT 4.0, and that there was no reason for them to ever upgrade their certification.

This wasn’t just denial. This was career suicide. Let’s say that their network never moved from NT 4.0. Let’s also say that they got laid off yesterday. Would you want to go out into the current IT workplace and have your most recent network operating system experience be on NT 4.0 ? I sure wouldn’t.

The fact is that you’ve got to continue studying, continue growing, and continue learning new things if you want to have a successful long-term IT career. If you plan on studying only one topic, getting into IT, and then never cracking a book again, you’re entering the wrong field. And for those of us who have been in it for a while – again, ask yourself this question, “Am I prepared for what would happen if I were laid off today?” And if you’re not, do something about it!

WTF Get’r Done Already… I’m not upping no Certification, only makes me look more geekish… I sport the Vin Diesel look alike, so I don’t need the paper because I only have 14+ years experience in what I do best in for work. :)

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I’m starting to see a trend here, seems their MW on MyCrackedSpace (MySpace) is running way smoother than it is on Crackbook… (Facebook)

The trend can be found here in what I’m talking about in the times for a Scheduled Maintenance on both:

30 minutes for MySpace

3 hours for Facebook

This goes to show you, this is a bit out of whack on FB for FB has been having some serious @#$ked up issues with the Developer API, I just fixed an app for a client of mine last week to counter Facebook’s developer HAVOC. (freaking’ nightmare)

Long story short, it seems FB is putting down some pressure on all the larger apps out there for security and privacy issues. Let’s just hope and pray that Zynga can pull out of this one, because they are facing lots of obstacles here which seems to be broken on the FB side of things…

Also we all know that Zynga’s servers responses are slow, which is one thing on Zynga’s end, which I can understand when you grow so fast and no more room to grow on… You scurry and make mistakes as you are scurrying… WITHOUT Q&A and a proper testing team in place, you will encounter bugs galore!!!

All the power to Zynga on trying to fix their issues, my hats off to them once they do! So I take back for the remarks against Zynga on this issue they are facing. It’s more than you can even write in “Layman Terms.”

So WTF get’r done!!!!

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A Bit Torrent Tutorial

Nov-7-2009 By WTF *Nix
Bit Torrent Tutorials
The first things you need to know about using Bit Torrent:
– Bit Torrent is aimed at broadband users (or any connection better than dialup).
– Sharing is highly appreciated, and sharing is what keeps bit torrent alive.
– A bit torrent file (*.torrent) contains information about the piece structure of the download (more on this later)
– The method of downloading is not your conventional type of download. Since downloads do not come in as one
big chunk, you are able to download from many people at once, increasing your download speeds. There may be
100 “pieces” to a file, or 20,000+ pieces, all depending on what you’re downloading. Pieces are usually small (under 200kb)
– The speeds are based upon people sharing as they download, and seeders. Seeders are people who constantly
share in order to keep torrents alive. Usually seeders are on fast connections (10mb or higher).
In this tutorial, I will be describing it all using a bit torrent client called Azureus. This client is used to decode the .torrent files into a useable format to download from other peers. From here on out, I will refer to Bit Torrent as BT.
Which BT client you use, is purely up to you. I have tried them all, and my personal favorite is Azureus for many reasons. A big problem with most BT clients out there, is that they are extremely CPU intensive, usually using 100% of your cpu power during the whole process. This is the number one reason I use Azureus. Another, is a recently released plug-in that enables you to browse all current files listed on suprnova.org (the #1 source for torrent downloads).
Before you use the plug-in, take a look at /http://www.suprnova.org, and browse the files. Hold your mouse over the links, and you’ll notice every file ends in .torrent. This is the BT file extension. Usually, .torrent files are very small, under 200kb. They contain a wealth of information about the file you want to download. A .torrent file can contain just 1 single file, or a a directory full of files and more directories. But regardless, every download is split up into hundreds or thousands of pieces. The pieces make it much easier to download at higher speeds. Back to suprnova.org. Look at the columns:
Added | Name | Filesize | Seeds | DLs (and a few more which aren’t very useful.)
I’ll break this down.
Added: Self explanitory, its the date the torrent was added.
Name: Also self explanitory.
Filesize: Duh
Seeds: This is how many people are strictly UPLOADING, or sharing. These people are the ones that keep .torrent files alive. By “alive”, I mean, if there’s no one sharing the .torrent file, no one can download.
DLs: This is how many people currently downloading that particular torrent. They also help keep the torrent alive as they share while they download.
It’s always best to download using a torrent that has a decent amount of seeders and downloaders, this way you can be assured there’s a good chance your download will finish. The more the better.
Now that you should understand how torrent files work, and how to use them, on to Azureus!
First, get JAVA! You need this to run Azureus, as java is what powers it. Get Java here: /http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/download.html
Next, get Azureus at: /http://azureus.sourceforge.net
Next, get the Suprnovalister plugin from /http://s93732957.onlinehome.us/storage/suprnovalister.jar
Install Java JRE before you do ANYTHING.
Install Azureus, and then in the installation folder, create 2 more folders. ./Plugins/suprnovalister (For example, if you installed Azureus to C:\PROGRAM FILES\AZUREUS, create C:\PROGRAM FILES\AZUREUS\PLUGINS\SUPRNOVALISTER). Next, put the suprnovalister.jar file that you downloaded, in that folder.
Load up Azureus, and if you want, go through the settings and personalize it.
The tab labeled “My Torrents” is the section of Azureus you need the most often. That lists all your transfers, uploads and downloads. It shows every bit of information you could possibly want to know about torrents you download.
In the menu bar, go to View > Plugins > Suprnova Lister. This will open up a new tab in Azureus. Click on “Update Mirror”. This will get a mirror site of suprnova.org containing all current torrent files available. Once a mirror is grabbed, choose a category from the drop-down box to the left and click “Update”. Wah-lah, all the available downloads appear in the main chart above. Just double click a download you want, and bang its starting to download. Open the “My Torrents” tab again to view and make sure your download started.
After your download has finished, be nice, and leave the torrent transferring. So people can get pieces of the file from you, just as you got pieces from other people.
Alternatively, if you don’t want to use the plugin… you can just head to suprnova.org and download files to any folder. Then go to File > Open > .torrent File in Azureus.
This should about wrap it up for the Bit Torrent Tutorial. If you guys think of anything I should add, or whatnot, just let me know and I’ll check into it.

The first things you need to know about using Bit Torrent:

– Bit Torrent is aimed at broadband users (or any connection better than dialup).

– Sharing is highly appreciated, and sharing is what keeps bit torrent alive.

– A bit torrent file (*.torrent) contains information about the piece structure of the download (more on this later)

– The method of downloading is not your conventional type of download. Since downloads do not come in as one

big chunk, you are able to download from many people at once, increasing your download speeds. There may be

100 “pieces” to a file, or 20,000+ pieces, all depending on what you’re downloading. Pieces are usually small (under 200kb)

– The speeds are based upon people sharing as they download, and seeders. Seeders are people who constantly share in order to keep torrents alive. Usually seeders are on fast connections (10mb or higher).

In this tutorial, I will be describing it all using a bit torrent client called Azureus. This client is used to decode the .torrent files into a useable format to download from other peers. From here on out, I will refer to Bit Torrent as BT.

Which BT client you use, is purely up to you. I have tried them all, and my personal favorite is Azureus for many reasons. A big problem with most BT clients out there, is that they are extremely CPU intensive, usually using 100% of your cpu power during the whole process. This is the number one reason I use Azureus. Another, is a recently released plug-in that enables you to browse all current files listed on suprnova.org (the #1 source for torrent downloads).

Before you use the plug-in, take a look at /http://www.suprnova.org, and browse the files. Hold your mouse over the links, and you’ll notice every file ends in .torrent. This is the BT file extension. Usually, .torrent files are very small, under 200kb. They contain a wealth of information about the file you want to download. A .torrent file can contain just 1 single file, or a a directory full of files and more directories. But regardless, every download is split up into hundreds or thousands of pieces. The pieces make it much easier to download at higher speeds. Back to suprnova.org. Look at the columns:

Added | Name | Filesize | Seeds | DLs (and a few more which aren’t very useful.)

I’ll break this down.

Added: Self explanitory, its the date the torrent was added.

Name: Also self explanitory.

Filesize: Duh

Seeds: This is how many people are strictly UPLOADING, or sharing. These people are the ones that keep .torrent files alive. By “alive”, I mean, if there’s no one sharing the .torrent file, no one can download.

DLs: This is how many people currently downloading that particular torrent. They also help keep the torrent alive as they share while they download.

It’s always best to download using a torrent that has a decent amount of seeders and downloaders, this way you can be assured there’s a good chance your download will finish. The more the better.

Now that you should understand how torrent files work, and how to use them, on to Azureus!

First, get JAVA! You need this to run Azureus, as java is what powers it. Get Java here: http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/download.html

Next, get Azureus at: http://azureus.sourceforge.net

Next, get the Suprnovalister plugin from http://s93732957.onlinehome.us/storage/suprnovalister.jar

Install Java JRE before you do ANYTHING.

Install Azureus, and then in the installation folder, create 2 more folders. ./Plugins/suprnovalister (For example, if you installed Azureus to C:\PROGRAM FILES\AZUREUS, create C:\PROGRAM FILES\AZUREUS\PLUGINS\SUPRNOVALISTER). Next, put the suprnovalister.jar file that you downloaded, in that folder.

Load up Azureus, and if you want, go through the settings and personalize it.

The tab labeled “My Torrents” is the section of Azureus you need the most often. That lists all your transfers, uploads and downloads. It shows every bit of information you could possibly want to know about torrents you download.

In the menu bar, go to View > Plugins > Suprnova Lister. This will open up a new tab in Azureus. Click on “Update Mirror”. This will get a mirror site of suprnova.org containing all current torrent files available. Once a mirror is grabbed, choose a category from the drop-down box to the left and click “Update”. Wah-lah, all the available downloads appear in the main chart above. Just double click a download you want, and bang its starting to download. Open the “My Torrents” tab again to view and make sure your download started.

After your download has finished, be nice, and leave the torrent transferring. So people can get pieces of the file from you, just as you got pieces from other people.

Alternatively, if you don’t want to use the plugin… you can just head to suprnova.org and download files to any folder. Then go to File > Open > .torrent File in Azureus.

This should about wrap it up for the Bit Torrent Tutorial. If you guys think of anything I should add, or whatnot, just let me know and I’ll check into it!

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NTP Config File Explanation

May-10-2009 By WTF *Nix

Since by now you may or may not have the NTP package installed and ready to go, I highly recommend to install it via RPM if you can find one for your *nix flavor. Check with your vendor or better yet Google.com, rpmbone and etc… =)

It is TIME for the /etc/ntp.conf file and getting NTP started:

As we know, 99.9% of the time the conf file is better known as the configuration file of a certain program within *nix, and we can’t go wrong unless we set a setting or two wrong… Well here we will do a basic setup as such:

First you want to find your way over to Finding some local time servers, and by doing this the fastest way is here: http://support.ntp.org/bin/view/Servers/WebHome#Finding_A_Time_Server

  • Now you need to first open up your ntp.conf file in your favorite editor such as vim, nano, or whatever one you use. Then specify your first set of NTP servers as an example:
    • server    somentp.serverat.org     #A stratum 1 server at serverat.org
    • server    ntp.research.gov              #A stratum 2 server at research.gov
  • Then you will need to restrict a bit of access and allow these servers. In the example, the servers are not allowed to modify the run-time configuration or query back your Linux NTP Server that’s running, it would be a nightmare trust me on a DSL connection :)
    • restrict    somentp.serverat.org    mask 255.255.255.255    nomodify notrap noquery
    • restrict    ntp.research.gov    mask 255.255.255.255    nomodify notrap noquery

The mask 255.255.255.255 statement is really a subnet mask limiting access to the single IP address of the remote NTP servers.

  • If this server of yours is also going to provide time for other computers on your local network or other networks, such as PC’s, Linux servers, and certain types of networking devices, then you will HAVE TO create and define the network(s) from which this NTP server of yours will accept NTP sync requests. You can do this by simply using a modified request type of statement which with the noquery replaced with the notrust keyword that’s accepted by ntp. This will allow the certain network you are allowing to query the LOCAL NTP server, but it will not be trusted to be a “SOURCE” type of NTP synchronization data, so the proper way of doing this is as follows: (i.e. our local network is 192.168.0.0, which our DHCP server is assigning IPs as such: 192.168.0.100, 192.168.0.101 and etc…)
    • restrict    192.168.0.0    mask    255.255.255.0    notrust nomodify notrap
  • Make sure that your CORE NTP server that’s acting as the central “BIG BEN” A.K.A. localhost (which is the universal IP Address used to refer to a *nix server itself) has full access without having any restricting keywords as follows:
    • restrict    127.0.0.1
  • Save your ntp.conf file and it’s time to restart the NTP server daemon for the settings to take immediate effect.

Right now you are wondering since all the other *nix servers on this local network can sync up to this server now? Well yes, because all you need to do is create the same scenerio as you did above but in a shorter fashion by simply replacing the “server   somentp.serverat.org” and restrict statements to reflect your local “BIG BEN” NTP server in lieu of having to always keep calling out on the net for time if you have one server that allows connections to sync up with. Remember port 123 is used for NTP and this can only happen if your firewall allows NTP through this port using the UDP :) Here is your answer to allowing this through if you are using IPTABLES:

iptables -I INPUT -p udp –dport 123 -j ACCEPT

Enjoy and get’r done, we will touch basis some”TIME” soon in regards to how to troubleshoot NTP, but if you have problems in the meantime, feel free on posting a comment here in this blog thread.

WTF Get’r Done and it’s TIME for lunch 12:10:25

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Oh WTF Time Is It?

May-8-2009 By WTF *Nix

It’s NTP Server Time!

So what is NTP you may ask? It’s what we call Network Time Protocol, which helps us all synchronize our *nix system’s clock with an accurate time source. There are a number of websites that allow the public to access and sync up with them. They are divided into two types Stratum 1 and Stratun 2

What are these so called Stratum’s you may ask?

Stratum 1 = NTP websites using an atomic clock for timing

Stratum 2 = NTP websites with slightly but accurately LESS time sources (NOT ACCURATE to the REAL ATOMIC CLOCKS)

You may get a list of available NTP Stratum type servers from: www.ntp.org

It is only a valid and good practice to keep at least one *nix server on your local network be tthe “local time server” for all of your other devices… This only makes and keeps the correlation of system events on different systems much easier to maintain a “central but local” time. It not only helps there but also helps in bandwidth usage, due to the NTP traffic and reduces the need to manage firewall rules for “EACH” of the NTP clients that you have running if you have more than one on your network…

Sometimes, (majority of the time) not all of your servers will have NET access which in such cases you’ll need a central “TIME SERVER” / “SERVER” that any and all can access off your local network. That being said you can have a “Gateway” server to do all this for you if configured properly and accordingly.

That’s all for now on the NTP servers, it’s time to head out and party in Seattle it’s 9:56:44PM PST per my NTP server, and I will be back later to discuss on how the ntp.conf file works :) But you need to get ntp yourself from a reliable source if you don’t have it installed on your server already… Use Google.com to find it for your *nix flavor.

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